Admission Terms Glossary

Admission Terms Glossary The College Board: This is a nonprofit organization that is governed by secondary school and college members. It is an oversight agency for many services and tests connected with the college admission process, including the SAT. Educational Testing Service: This is a nonprofit agency employed by the College Board to produce tests. Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (PSAT/NMSQT): This is a preliminary test that is designed to help student prepare for the SAT during their junior year. There are two sections of the test: math and reading/writing. PSAT scores are typically not used by colleges as part of admission criteria. SAT: This is a test that is typically required for juniors and seniors to take to gain admission to many colleges. There are three sections: essay (optional), math and reading and writing. Advanced Placement (AP) Exams: These tests are designed for students who have completed college-level work in high school. They can test in certain subjects in order to try and earn advanced placement in college. ACT: This is a test commonly used throughout the country by university and college administration offices. It is a multiple-choice test that measures aptitude in English, mathematics, science and reading. It is scored on a 36-point scale and all four tests are averaged to provide a total composite score. Many schools give you the option to submit results from either the SAT or ACT as part of admission. Highly Selective College Admission Calendar: Many colleges and universities require applications to be filed during fall or early winter of a student’s senior year. In the application process, supporting materials such as recommendations, high school records, and standardized test scores are sent to colleges per the student’s request. Members of the admissions committee read applications and make decisions. Students are then informed of their application status from early to mid-April. Applicants are required to notify the college if the plan on accepting no later than May 1. Non-Restrictive Application Plans: In this type of plan, there is no restriction pertaining to how many institutions a student can apply to. They also can consider potential schools until May 1, the deadline for enrollment. Regular Decision: This is the normal schedule for submitting applications and requires students to apply by a certain date. Responses are delivered in a specific time frame. Early Action: This is a process where students can apply early and also hear back earlier than the normal response date. Early Decision: Students make a commitment to their first-choice institution and plan to enroll. This is an early process. Restrictive Early Action (REA): This is the process in which students apply to an institution of preference and receive an early decision. If offered enrollment, they have until May 1to decide where to attend. The Common Application: This process allows a student to complete one application form with the intent of submitting to more than one college. With this process, it is best to check with the admission office of your school of choice to see if they accept this application. Universal College Application: This is similar to the Common Application. It allows a student to fill out one application form to submit to more than one college. January (Spring Term) Admission: Some institutions admit freshmen to begin their studies in the middle of the academic year. This is an option for students who graduate early from high school. Wait List: This is an admission decision utilized by institutions to protect against possible shortfalls in enrollment. They are sometimes necessary because of the uncertainty of the admission process. When a student is placed on a Wait List, he is not offered or denied admission. Instead, they extend the possibility of admission in the future.

Italian Future Indicative Tense

Italian Future Indicative Tense The future shows a simple fact that has yet to occur or come to fruition: Arriverà ² domani.Terminerà ² il lavoro entro una settimana. The future can take value imperative: Farete esattamente come vi ho detto.Imparerai questa poesia a memoria. BRANDIRE GUSTARE RIDURRE VINIFICARE io brandir guster ridurr vinificer tu brandirai gusterai ridurrai vinificerai lui, lei, Lei brandir guster ridurr vinificer noi brandiremo gusteremo ridurremo vinificeremo voi brandirete gusterete ridurrete vinificerete loro, Loro brandiranno gusteranno ridurranno vinificeranno CONJUGATING ITALIAN VERBS IN THE PRETERITE PERFECT INDICATIVE TENSE Word formation in Italian is the linguistic process (think vocabulary building) in which terms can be transformed from base words to suffissati (suffixed words)- orologio  Ã‚ »Ã‚  orologiaio, prefissati (prefixed words)- campionato  Ã‚ »Ã‚  precampionato, and composti (compounds)- fermare carte  Ã‚ »Ã‚  fermacarte. The formation of words enriches the Italian language from within. In fact, it produces new vocabulary- as in orologiaio (watchmaker), precampionato (preseason), fermacarte (paperweight)- starting with vocabulary that already exists- in this case, orologio (watch), campionato (season), fermare (to hold, detain, secure), and carte (paper). The suffisso (suffix) is the particle that appears at the end of the suffixed, for example -aio in orologiaio. The prefisso (prefix) is instead the particle that appears at the beginning of the prefixed, for example pre- in precampionato. Together, the suffixes and prefixes are known as affixes; the suffix -aio in orologiaio and the prefix pre- in precampionato are, therefore, two affixes. Composti (compounds) are formed by the merger into a single word of at least two words; this is the case of fermare and carte in the compound word fermacarte. All Italian speakers can construct, starting from certain basi (bases) and making the necessary modifications, a whole series of new words (the technical term is defined as neoformazione- a compound or derivative recently introduced to the language). So, for example, orologiaio, precampionato, and fermacarte are new words derived from orologio, campionato, fermare, and carte. To go from the base to the new term there are certain rules of transformation. Word Formation Is Not Simple AdditionThe formation of words does not consist in the mere addition of elements: base suffix suffixed; prefix base prefixed; word word compound word. This, in fact, it is only the appearance of the phenomenon. The formation of words instead assumes that the speaker has is fully aware of the meaning of the relationship linking the new word to its base. For example, everyone (or at least native Italian speakers) will recognize in words such as scaffalature and librone a connection to scaffale and libro, but nobody will think that struttura and mattone are linked to strutto and matto. Only in the first case can an equivalence be formulated: insieme di scaffali has the same meaning as scaffalatura (shelf unit)grosso libro has the same meaning as librone (big book, tome) While in the second case: insieme di strutto (lard as a whole) has a different meaning than struttura (structure)grosso matto (big madman) has a different meaning than mattone (brick) As shown, the formation of words in Italian cannot be explained only by taking into consideration the formal relationship that links a base with an affix (-ura, -one, and others); it is also necessary to consider the relationship between the meanings. The formation of words can be divided into three categories: suffissazione (suffixation), prefissazione (prefixation), and composizione (composition).

Digital Fashion Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Digital Fashion Marketing - Essay Example The essay "Digital Fashion Marketing" concerns the marketing in fashion. This paper intends to consider brands from four diverse web searches or profiles. The profiles include Burberry (multi-channel retailer), pure player (Asos), Debenhams (department store) and mail order (Very). The study involves assessing of business models and associated service marketing of brands. In addition, the shopping quality and experience is used in the assessment criterion. The multichannel retailer (Burberry) is a sharp focus on the client, product that were unruffled but yet the spirit of the Britannic, traditional brands and digital marketing pressed the envelope and formed a basis of inspiration to other luxury brands consequently adjusting to 21st century demands. Due to the competitive nature of online selling Burberry has embraced a maturity business model, which has significantly distinguished its digital marketing from other brands (OKONKWO, 2007). This study reveals that, this model provides a customer centered methodical and proven approach. The digital shopping experience of Burberry allows the consumers or customers to pre order at the finish of each show. This gives the brand an advantage over other brands in terms of sales. However, the stole march experienced on copycats seems to mock its looks consequently reducing the prices. Burberry’s search, usability and service experience is fantastic and friendly due to the refined web site with animations and new features, which make consumers to trench coats.custom-make their own iconic trench coats (KEILLOR, 2007). It is imperative to note that, the implementation of mobile optimized site for Android platforms and iPhone increased sales by creating an additional platform for clients to make purchases. It is imperative to note that, Burberry received an excellent overall rating due to its dedicated investment into customer experience founded in digital technologies (KEILLOR, 2007). Burberry was rated at 4 of 5 In corporation of the latest technologies with impeccably consistent brand look across all the channels as well as presenting stylish personalized options made Burberry fulfill all of its central omni-channel initiatives. Burberry uses wire transfer as a common method of payment; however, it appreciates payment through cheques and purchase orders. The shopping quality of Burberry in terms of pricing and delivery is friendly. Burberry compares prices offered by other brands in the same category. This study establishes that Burberry offers the lowest prices on its brands (KEILLOR, 2007). In terms of delivery, any orders made by clients are delivered within twelve hours and this contributes immensely to its steadfastness in terms of efficiency and expansiveness. The pure player (Asos) is the UK’s largest online-fashion and beauty store. Asos sells both branded fashion products and its own range of clothes. Asos’s business model provides potential customers with individual ca twalk model videos of clothing items. In addition, it runs a fashion blog containing articles that relates to celebrities and entertainment. This strategy has immensely contributed to the increased sales and expansiveness of the brands. The ASOS Fashion Finder makes search and usability in Asos simpler. This site allows clients to build and share outfits from preferred brands (KEILLOR,

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca - Essay Example Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca landed on the shores of Cuba. Next, the Spanish sailor traveled by sea towards the sunny beaches of Florida. Next, Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca’s reached the shores of the Mississippi river. Next, the sailor landed in Galvestan, United States. Finally, the famous sailor slowly but surely reached Mexico and Veracruz, as expected, the sailor’s voyage was wrought with dangers. Hurricanes were a normally sight. Many of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca’s sailor died while trying to prevent the hurricanes from capsizing the boat. An estimated 13 sailors were able to make it to Land. The sailors landed on the shores of the Colorado River. The few survivors were able conquer the harsh nature of the rapid waters of the Colorado River. As expected, only four men remained alive during the travel. The four survivors included Alonso Maldonado and Cabeza de Baca. The other survivors included the Estevanico and Carranza. While in the United States, the Spanish travelers were able to see the huge American buffalo (Adorno 11) While in the United States, the group was able meet the other Spanish group in Culian Can during the adventurous year of 1536. The group was converse with the Mexico City officer, its governor. The sailors conversed with the Indian residents in the place. After several years, Cabeza de Vaca was able to travel back to his native land, Spain. Upon arriving in his native country, Cabeza de Vaca focused his attention to writing books. With his writing prowess, Cabeza de Vaca was able to inspire other fellow Spanish sailors to travel abroad. The other Spanish sailors included Hernando de Soto as well as Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (Pautz, 4). Upon reaching the United States, Cabeza de Vaca was able to write a very popular book (Favata 43). The book was entitled seven cities of Cbola. Cabeza de Vaca wrote about the life in the Indies. When he was in his Indies, he would love travel form one community to

Business Proposal-ECONOMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Proposal-ECONOMICS - Essay Example As there are high number of sellers and producers our product will have an edge over the other products as we have the latest technology for the making of leather shoes. Technology has helped us lower the cost by reducing labor cost. As it is homogenous product, it will be sold at a price determined by the market but our quality at that price will be the best as compared to our competitors (Boyes, 2013). The selected product is elastic as change in the price of the product will also change the demand of the product. An increase in price can cause a fall in the demand of the product and by such market response we know that the market is competitive and there can be a difficulty in making more profit. As there is a difficulty in increasing profit, we will introduce our product at a lower cost while maintaining a high quality in the market (McEacher, 2013). The price of my product with the provided quality will be low as compared in the competitive market, so if there will be an overall increase in the prices of shoes it will not affect the demand of my product as compared to those of my competitors in the market and the demand of my product will be less elastic. If the price of overall footwear decreases, the demand of our product will be elastic as we will also lower our prices because our variable cost is low due to less labor cost. Pricing will have an impact on our business because if the price of footwear falls we will earn less profit than we are earning at the current market price. The theories of economics explain that a firm should keep on producing a product until its marginal cost becomes equal to its marginal revenue because it is the point where the profit is maximized. Quantity supplied will keep on increasing until we are earning the more revenue than cost from an additional unit. As discussed above our prices will be low in the market therefore we can produce more to earn more revenue

Malayan union to establish system

Malayan union to establish system In the year of 1945, after the Japanese surrendered and ended the Second World War. Although the Japanese taken Malaya for only three and half years (from 15th February 1942 till 15th August 1945), they had left a great impact on the country. Later, the British returned to Malaya and gave the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) the opportunity to rule the government. According to the history, the MCP only controls Malaya for 14 days because during their supervision, MCP members created trouble and chaos. The British returned to Malaya in September 1945 and set up the British Military Administration (BMA) to bring back peace to Malaya. The BMA system did not last long and British come up with another new system of administration known as the Malayan Union. On April 1, 1946 the Malayan Union officially came into existence with Sir Edward Gent as its governor. The capital of the Union was Kuala Lumpur. The idea of the Union was first expressed by the British on October 1945 (plans had been presented to the War Cabinet as early as May 1944) in the aftermath of the Second World War by the British Military Administration. Sir Harold MacMichael was assigned the task of gathering the Malay state rulers approval for the Malayan Union in the same month. In a short period of time, he managed to obtain all the Malay rulers approval. The reasons for their agreement, despite the loss of political power that it entailed for the Malay rulers, has been much debated; the consensus appears to be that the main reasons were that as the Malay rulers were of course resident during the Japanese occupation, they were open to the accusation of collaboration, and that they were threatened with dethronement. Hence the approval was given, though it was with utmost reluctance. The Key Features of the Malayan Union :- 1)The Malayan Union gave equal rights to people who wished to apply for citizenship. It was automatically granted to people who were born in any state in British Malaya or Singapore and were living there before 15 February 1942, born outside British Malaya or the Straits Settlements only if their fathers were citizens of the Malayan Union and those who reached 18 years old and who had lived in British Malaya or Singapore 10 out of 15 years before 15 February 1942. The group of people eligible for application of citizenship had to live in Singapore or British Malaya for 5 out of 8 years preceding the application, had to be of good character, understand and speak the English or Malay language and had to take an oath of allegiance to the Malayan Union. 2)The Sultans, the traditional rulers of the Malay states, conceded all their powers to the British Crown except in religious matters. 3)The Malayan Union was placed under the jurisdiction of a British Governor, signalling the formal inauguration of British colonial rule in the Malay peninsula. 4)Moreover, even though State Councils were still kept functioning in the former Federated Malay States, it lost the limited autonomy that they enjoyed as they administered some local and less important aspects of government and the Federal government in Kuala Lumpur controlling vital aspects. State Councils became an extended hand of the Federal government that had to do its bidding. 5)Also, British Residents replacing the Sultans as the head of the State Councils meant that the political status of the Sultans were greatly reduced. 6)Equal rights for all citizens regardless of race origin.This includes the entry into government service and the right to vote in the general elections. 7)Made up of the nine Malay states,Penang Island and Malacca. The Failure of Malayan Union plan is due to :- The Malays generally opposed the creation of the Union. The opposition was due to the methods Sir Harold MacMichael used to acquire the Sultans approval, the reduction of the Sultans powers, and the granting of citizenship to non-Malay immigrants and their descendants-especially the ethnic Chinese, not only because of their racial and religious difference but also because their economic dominance was seen as a threat to the Malays. The United Malays National Organization or UMNO, a Malay political association formed by Dato Onn bin JaHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onn_JaafarHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onn_Jaafarafar on March 1, 1946, led the opposition against the Malayan Union. Malays also wore white bands around their heads, signifying their mourning for the loss of the Sultans political rights. However, ex-Malayan government officials criticised the way these constitutional reforms were brought about in Malaya, even saying that it went against the principles of the Atlantic Charter. They also encouraged Malay opposition to the Malayan Union. The fact that people were allowed to hold dual nationalities meant there was a possibility that the Chinese and Indians would be loyal to their home country, rather than Malaya. After the inauguration of the Malayan Union, the Malays, under UMNO, continued opposing the Malayan Union. They utilised civil disobedience as a means of protest by refusing to attend the installation ceremonies of the British governors. They had also refused to participate in the meetings of the Advisory Councils, hence Malay participation in the government bureaucracy and the political process had totally stopped. As a result of the opposition from the local people the Malayan Union was not implemented .Summarized below are the factors which lead to the failure of the Union. 1)Strong opposition from the Local Malays. The suggestion to set up the Malayan Union stirred up a strong sense of nationalism among the Malays. 2)No strong support from the non-Malays. The non-Malays were not interested in the Malayan Union because it excluded Singapore. 3)Wrong timing. Communal feelings and hostility still existed between the Malays and the Chinese as result of the Japanese Occupation. The conditions in Malaya then were still not really peaceful. Social and economic problems were obvious. The Malayan Union was accused of putting the Malays at a disadvantage and favouring the non-Malays. Malay loyalty to their ruler and state was still strong. 4)Wrong introduction. The Union was drawn up in London without taking into account the situation and wishes of the people in Malaya. There was also strong objection to the use of political blackmail to get the agreement signed. 5)Opposition from former British administrators in Malaya. They urged the British to protect the interests and special rights of the Malays. The British had recognised this problem and took measures to consider the opinions of the major races in Malaya before making amendments to the constitution. The Malayan Union ceased to exist in January, 1948. It was replaced by the Federation of Malaya. References Zakaria Haji Ahmad. Government and Politics (1940-2006). p.p 30-21 Marissa Champion. Odyssey: Perspectives on Southeast Asia Malaysia and Singapore 1870-1971. Sejarah Malaysia. Malaysian Studies-Nationhood and Citizenship. Question 2 Discuss the factors that led to the formation of Malaysia and elaborate on the strong opposition to the merger from Indonesia and the Philippines. (50 marks) Sometime in 1955, and later in 1959, Singapore had suggested that it be merged with Malaya. This proposal, however, was rejected by Malaya. At the time, Singapores population comprised mainly Chinese and Malaya feared that this would affect its racial composition, which was predominantly Malay. There was also the fear that the Communists, whose activities were still rampant in Singapore, might influence Malaya and impede its struggle to be rid of the threat of Communism. Four years after Malayas independence, however, Malayan Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman took the region by surprise on 27th May 1961, when he made a speech stating his proposal to merge Malaya, Singapore and the Borneo territories of Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei. His sudden change of mind was influenced by the state of politics and economy in Singapore and the other territories. The Factors Leading to the Proposal of a Merger One of the reasons Tunku Abdul Rahman was keen on a merger with Singapore was for economic purposes. Singapore had a large number of industrial firms and a large population, which complemented its position as one of the more important trading ports in this region. The Borneo territories, on the other hand, boasted of richness in natural resources such as oil, natural gas and timber, and fertile agricultural grounds that produced pepper, rubber and much more. Tunku Abdul Rahman believed that a merger with these colonies would be of much value to Malaya. Tunku Abdul Rahman was also seeking to liberate these colonies from colonization. Malaya had already achieved its independence four years earlier. While Singapore practiced to a large extent, a self-governing policy, Sabah and Sarawak were still very much under British control. In Brunei, the Sultan maintained his autocratic powers but was compelled to receive advise from a British Resident. Tunku Abdul Rahman felt that a merger of these colonies with Malaya would speed up independence from the British. Another factor was the stronghold of Communism over Singapore. As time passed, their activities did not cease. Singapore was then led by Lee Kuan Yew, who, frustrated with the constant disputes and strikes in the mid-1950s, decided to woo some of the Communists into his government, hoping to find favour with them and eventually soften their blows. However, the Communists were adamant about continuing their activities and eventually formed their own party, known as the Barisan Socialis, after they were forced to resign from the government. Fearing that Malaya would be in grave danger should the Communists decide to support their allies in Malaya from across the straits, Tunku Abdul Rahman felt that a merger with Singapore would make it easier to deal with the Communists. Apart from Singapore, Communism was also thriving in Sarawak, where the communists formed an underground association, which exerted its influence on workers associations, students and farmers. There also existed cultural similarities between these territories. Singapore comprised a large Chinese population, while Malaya had a mixed array of Malays, Chinese and Indians. The initial fears expressed by some UMNO members about the Malays being outnumbered by the Chinese, were dispelled when they were convinced that ethnic balance would be restored once the Borneo Territories, which comprised most Malays and indigenous groups, merged with Malaya. Response from Singapore, the Borneo Territories and Brunei Singapore still retained its initial interest in Malaya and was therefore, eager to merge with Malaya when Tunku Abdul Rahman made the proposal in 1961. The only opposition came from the Communist-dominated party, Barisan Socialis. Despite this, Lee Kuan Yew actively campaigned to support the merger. His efforts paid off and a referendum held on 1 September 1962 indicated that 71.1% of the population of Singapore supported the merger. Singapore was promised autonomy in education, revenue and labour while the central government would be operating in Kuala Lumpur. Its free entreport status would also be maintained. Like Singapore, Brunei was equally keen on the merger, since its ruler, Sultan Ali Saifuddin was hoping to gain protection from a larger country like Malaya. A.M. Azahari, the leader of the opposition party, Parti Rakyat, however, strongly opposed the merger and led a revolt against the government of Brunei, in which he was defeated. Azahari had an ulterior motive to merge all the North Borneo territories and place them under the reins of Brunei. Eventually, Brunei changed its mind after the Sultan realized that he wouldnt be given special rights above the other Sultans in Malaya and would have only limited oil reserves if Brunei merged with Malaya. The response from Sabah and Sarawak was not on par with that from Singapore and the initial response from Brunei, since both territories feared losing authority in the administration of their governments. Apart from this, the non-Malays feared that the Malays in Sabah and Sarawak would be even more dominant should the merger take place. To allay their fears, Tunku Abdul Rahman went to these territories in June 1961 and set up the Malaysia Solidarity Consultative Committee (MSCC) to inform the people of the benefits of the merger. The Cobbold Commission When Tunku Abdul Rahman flew to London to discuss the formation Malaysia with the British government in November 1961, the British were very much in favour of it, but stipulated that the Borneo territories should agree with the merger. Hence, the British formed the Cobbold Commission led by Lord Cobbold, to investigate the reaction of the people in Sabah and Sarawak towards the merger. Two months later, after receiving thousands of letters, conducting thousands of interviews with the people of Sabah and Sarawak and countless public meetings, a conclusion was reached. Only one third of the population rejected the merger, hoping to join Malaya only after they achieved their independence. The other two thirds either supported the merger wholeheartedly or supported it on the grounds that their rights be maintained. Since the merger won the favour of the majority, it was approved by the British. On 16th September 1963, Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak became one nation, known as Malaysia. Once again, an official proclamation was made by Tunku Abdul Rahman at the Merdeka Stadium. Two years later, however, on 9th August 1965, Singapore broke away from Malaysia and formed its own government. Protest from neighbouring countries When Malaysia was formed, Indonesia and the Philippines disapproved of the new establishment due to their own ulterior motives. The Philippines claimed ownership of Sabah, stating that Sabah came under the Sulu Sultanate which belonged to the Philippines. As such, the Philippines did not acknowledge Malaysia as an independent country or the official declaration that took place on16th September 1963. The president of the Philippines, Macapagal had severed diplomatic ties with Malaysia. It was only sometime in June 1966, that the Philippines gave due recognition to Malaysia and acknowledged it as an independent country. Indonesia, on the other hand, was hoping to merge with Malaya to form Indonesia Raya and at the same time, establish an independent North Borneo Federation comprising Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei. The Indonesian president at the time, Sukarno, was heavily influenced by the Communist party in Indonesia and subsequently declared a Confrontation policy of on Malaysia from January 1963 to August 1966 to voice his objection of the formations of Malaysia. During this period, Indonesia put a halt to all diplomatic relations with Malaysia and launched an attack. The first stops the Indonesians made were at Pontian, Labis, Muar and Kota Tinggi. Agents were sent to overthrow the Malaysian government and at the same time, create misunderstanding among Malays and Chinese. The confrontation came to an eventual end when Sukarno was replaced by Suharto as the president of Indonesia. Consequently, a peace treaty was signed between both countries in Jun 1966. Singapore decided to withdraw from Malaysia on 9th August 1965 to form her own Republic due to some disagreements, particularly about special rights of the natives. Hence, Malaysia today comprises Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak. Malaysia has now been enjoying independence for 53 years and is known to the world as a sovereign country. We are able to achieve economic, political and social stability and move rapidly towards a developed country. Although Malaysia is a plural society that consists of various races, they are able to live, co-operate and co-exist in harmony to build a strong and developed country. The understanding among the races, which creates unity in the country, plays a very important role in moulding Malaysia to be a politically stable country.

Free Essays on Invisible Man: Plot/Character Analysis/Themes :: Invisible Man Essays

Invisible Man: Short Plot/Character Analysis/Themes Invisible Man, written in 1952 by Ralph Ellison, documents a young black man's struggle to find identity in an inequitable and manipulative society. During the course of this struggle, he learns many valuable lessons, both about society and himself, through his experiences. The story begins with the narrator recounting his memories of his grandfather. The most remarkable, and eventually the most haunting, of these is his memory of his grandfather's last words in which he claims to have been a traitor to his own people and urges his son to "overcome 'em with yeses, undermine 'em with grins, agree 'em to death and destruction, let 'em swoller you till they vomit or bust wide open." These words remain imprinted in the narrator's mind throughout the book, although he never fully understands their meaning. His grandfather's words eventually serve as catalyst for his subsequent disillusionments, the first of which occurs directly after he graduates from high school. At this time, the narrator is invited to give a speech at a gathering of the town's leading white citizens. The speech he is planning to give expresses the view that humility is the essence of progress. Subconsciously, the words of his grandfather prevent him from truly believing the thesis of his own speech, but he gives it anyway. Instead of being shown respect for his work, however, he is humiliated by being made to fight blind-folded against other young black men, and then being shocked by an electrified rug. He pretends not to be angered by these events, yet his true feelings escape him for a moment when, while he is reading his speech, he accidentally says "Social equality," instead of "Social responsibility." After he finishes his speech, he is awarded a new briefcase. Inside the briefcase is a scholarship to the state Negro College. That night he has a dream in which his grandfather tells him to open the briefcase and read what is in the envelope. He finds that it says "To Wh om It May Concern, Keep This Nigger-Boy Running." Unfortunately, he is still too disillusioned to grasp the meaning of his grandfather's warnings. During his Junior year at college, the narrator drives for Mr. Norton, one of the college founders that is visiting the campus. During the drive, Mr. Norton tells the narrator that he is his destiny.

1920s Essay

1. Two philosophies, Social Darwinism and eugenics, were two philosophies that affected societal actions from the 1900s well into the late 1920s. Examine the social issue of Social Darwinism and eugenics. Assess the consequences these two issues had for individuals and society in general; consider how the fallacy of these two issues was brought to light. (6a) 2. Red Scare- The U. S. experienced inflation at the end of WWI and this inflation resulted in riots and a. What main ideas prompted the Red Scare? b. Compare and contrast the Red Scare with Social Darwinism. (6a) 3.Immigration- Immigration was a contentious issue for the country during the 1920s; the United States passed the National Origins Act in 1929. a. As a citizen of the 1920s, question your congressional representative by assessing the social and economic consequences of this act. (6a) b. Speculate on that you think what the societal impact of present day immigration policies is. 4. Prohibition- The prohibition era was u shered in by the 18th Amendment which outlawed the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages; however, the 21st Amendment repealed the 18th amendment in 1933. (6a) a.Identify the ideas and the historical highlights that led to the Prohibition era. b. Analyze the positive and negative effects of this era. 5. The Changing role of women- The text describes the 1920s as a time of the emergence of the â€Å"New† woman (Carnes 647). a. Evaluate the democratic means used to bring about the passage of the 19th amendment. In other words, what democratic processes were utilized to achieve this victory? (23b) b. Analyze the impact of the 19th amendment which changed the role of women? c. Preview the characteristics of the new woman and describe the impact that technology played in bringing about this change. 6a) d. How are women’s roles changing this today and how does these changes affect men? 6. Urban-Rural conflicts emerged during the 1920s and one of these c onflicts was fundamentalism. â€Å"Fundamentalists rejected the theory of evolution as well as advanced the hypotheses on the origins of the universe. † (Carnes: 653). Part of rejecting this theory was to prevent schools from teaching the theory of evolution in science classes. a. Describe the court case mentioned in chapter 24 that tested this issue. b. Distinguish between the roles played by Clarence Darrow and William Jennings. c.Think critically about the evidence presented by both lawyers and prepare questions that you would have asked them had you been the judge in this case. 7. New Technology flourished during the 1920s and brought a measure of prosperity to the country. Among the new technology was the automobile industry which thrived during the 1920s as a result of consumer demands. a. Assess the impact that Henry Ford had on the auto industry and on American society. (6b) b. Assess the impact that the automobile had on society. 8. Aviation Technology- The Great War hastened the evolution of airplane technology.Many new pilots showed off their aviation skills performing aerial acrobats and other adventurous feats at county shows in the 1920s. But an early aviation pioneer, Charles Lindberg, achieved a different type of aviation accomplishment in the 1920s. a. Examine the impact that this event and Lindberg had on the field of aviation and on American society. Thinking Critically In a paragraph, synthesize your thoughts about the cause and effect of the significant events, social issues and individuals of the 1920; consider how this decade contributed to the history of the United States and the identity of its citizens.Intro (revise): The 1920s enabled the United States to assume a greater economic role on the world stage. Unlike the major European powers at the time, the U. S. did not have to rebuild its economic infrastructure following World War I, enabling it to flourish and exhibit influence over many aspects of life during this decade. Th is included an increase in item production, the emergence of the automobile and the radio, and changes in American social and cultural life. The 1920s were an important decade in American history.This would be the decade that laid the foundation for the journey that would propel the United States to the status of greatest world power. The 1920s had an impact on all parts of the American development. {{Consider: Ninety years ago, the United States was a different place. There were 107 million people living here; life expectancy was 54 years for men and 55 for women; the average annual salary was $1,236, and Gangland crime was rampant in major cities. The Ford automobile was mass produced and one could be had for $290 — although it took 13 days to reach California from New York due to the lack of paved roads.And, On Aug. 26, 1920, women were granted political power for the first time. }} Social Darwinism/Eugenics: Social Darwinism was a popular theory of society that emerged in the late 19th/early 20th century. It was the ideology that people are the products of their social environments– that poverty is in fact a social condition and that people become criminals because of social and economic conditions, etc. It developed the belief that society's problems were not caused by oppressive economic conditions, but rather that social problems were caused by genetic inferiority.This was adopted by many wealthy and upper-class Americans and was related to the development of the ideology of â€Å"Social Darwinism,† the idea that certain people were â€Å"genetically† more fit and that the more fit legitimately had  the right to rule the inferior. The idea that poverty, crime and ignorance are a product of social conditions was a threat to the dominant members of society because the call was for these dominant members of society to reform their ways to create increased equality for all people.It is out of all of these ideas that the America n eugenics programs began, funded by wealthy Americans such as Andrew Carnegie and John Rockefeller. The idea was that people were born poor or born criminal, etc. They were â€Å"bad seeds†, and thus the problem of poverty was not really a social problem, it was a problem of bloodline, to be fixed by selective breeding programs, forced sterilization, and the maintenance of â€Å"racial purity†. Racial purity was the idea that races â€Å"should not mix† out of the fear that if whites and blacks ixed the inferior black bloodline would â€Å"corrupt† the white bloodline, leading to more crime, poverty, and ignorance. Between 1900 and 1930 in the United States, support for eugenics continued to grow. The fallacy of selective breeding in humans was only realized when the wealthy were suddenly poor, and the reality of genocide had demonstrated the extreme end of eugenics—in other words, with the shock of the Great Depression and the rise of Adolf Hitle r in Nazi Germany, which ushered in the Holocaust.But the dissolution of eugenics in the United States was a slow process, because racial discrimination persisted. Involuntary sterilization laws, enacted in the early 1900s, were finally repealed in 1979. The Red Scare: The Red Scare of 1919 occurred at a time when the American people felt threatened by the rising tide of Communism in Russia, widespread labor unrest, and the often bizarre forms of Anarchism and Anarcho-syndicalism that were supported by some recent immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe.The Scare itself was caused by the revelation in April of that year that a militant Communist group existed in the United States, and that it was plotting to send mail bombs to a number of prominent figures in the government (Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, for example) and several rich capitalists (J. P. Morgan and John D. Rockefeller, among others). On June 2nd 1919, bombs exploded in eight different cities within an hour of each other. One of the targets was Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, whose home was bombed. He was unharmed, but very angry! The most important government response was the beginning of the Palmer Raids.These were a series of mass arrests and deportations of immigrants who were suspected of being Communists or radicals. Between 4,000 and 10,000 individuals were arrested over the next two years. (J. Edgar Hoover, only 24 at the time, was placed in charge of the Raids). Prisoners were questioned without access to attorneys and their bail was often set so high none could afford it. Many were beaten during their arrest or questioning. The raids were initially highly praised by the public and press. In the early years of the 1920s, the scare seemed to disappear as quickly as it had begun. Immigration:Passed in 1924, this law placed a limit on immigration. Americans were becoming outraged at the amount of jobs they were losing to immigrants and there was also a wide-spread pa nic of potential spies amongst the immigrants. The act sharply restricted the total number of immigrants who could come to the United States and established quotas for various nationality groups. The chief purpose of the act was to limit the number of â€Å"less desirable† immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and from Japan, many of whom had played a vital role in the nation's industrial development. The Prohibition:Prohibition was a period of nearly fourteen years of U. S. history in which the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor was made illegal. It led to the first and only time an Amendment to the U. S. Constitution was repealed. After the American Revolution, drinking was on the rise. To combat this, a number of societies were organized as part of a new Temperance movement which attempted to dissuade people from becoming intoxicated. At first, these organizations pushed moderation, but after several decades, the movement's focus changed to complete proh ibition of alcohol consumption.The Temperance movement blamed alcohol for many of society's ills, especially crime and murder. Saloons, a social haven for men who lived in the still untamed West, were viewed by many, especially women, as a place of debauchery and evil. Prohibition, members of the Temperance movement urged, would stop husbands from spending all the family income on alcohol and prevent accidents in the workplace caused by workers who drank during lunch. Changing Role of Women: The Nineteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote.It was proposed on June 4, 1919 and ratified on August 18, 1920. Consequently, the impact of this was enormous–it gave to women the same power and control that men had, although still held back by the values of the day. But it did create a strong influence and created a cultural impact. It gave women of the era more confidence and a sense that they could accomplish more. –and a thirst for more freedoms in a world where previousl y they were considered second class and only as a man's property. The lifestyle changes of the 1920's showed how big and important that impact was.Women became much more confident and wanted to utilize this new â€Å"power† in other areas, too. They gave up many of the â€Å"controlling† aspects of the Victorian age, from the long and buttoned up clothes to new aspects of personal freedom–they started to live outside the confines of being a wife and homemaker–women got jobs outside the home, they started playing sports, they shortened their dressed and bobbed their hair–and had fun! The Roaring Twenties was a new age, and an age where women first started enjoying more freedom and influence.That has continued on to this day, although there is still work needed to level the playing field between men and women. Technology: He had a huge impact on society by inventing and mass producing the Model-T car, which made cars all the rage from that point onwa rd. He is basically the father of the modern auto industry. He also helped America out of the Depression when he contributed to build the Hoover Dam, which at the time when it was built was the largest hydro-electric dam in the world.Aviation Technology: Charles A. Lindbergh did not just open a passageway to Europe; he opened up the hopes and interests of people who never thought they would see beyond their continental boundaries. His flight opened up possibilities. Prior to Lindbergh’s transatlantic flight, it seemed travel was confined to the ground or the sea; and even cars and wagons were blocked by waterways or treacherous terrain, and boats exposed to rough seas. Travel had boundaries rior to Lindbergh’s flight across the Atlantic, but after his flight people could see beyond those boundaries. Works Cited: Social Darwinism: Consequences: http://rationalrevolution. net/articles/rise_of_american_fascism. htm http://www. vectorsite. net/taevo_05. html Fallacy brough t to light: http://www. freemarketfoundation. com/ShowArticle. asp? ArticleType=Publication&ArticleID=170 http://immigration. laws. com/national-origins-act

Film Essay essays

Film Essay essays Western films are the major defining genre of the American film industry, a nostalgic display of praise to the early days of the expansive, untamed American frontier. Director John Ford was a much-celebrated director who made some of the most famous pictures in Hollywood cinema, if not all of filmmaking. He was the supreme Western director. In 1939, Ford directed two classic Westerns, the more celebrated Stagecoach, and the less renowned Drums Along the Mohawk. Although both films being described by critics and connoisseurs of film of raising ideological contradictions in juxtaposition with one another, there is a subtle similar view that both films do agree in retrospect to their views of American civilization. There is a similarity in themes each film expresses, although each film expresses its themes in a different degree of intensity within its narrative, but in the end, these similar themes signify that both films do present a related ideology of American civilization. Not in accordance to the mainstream view of critics that these films contradict each other, these two films compliment each other. It is merely the time separation that each film is situated in that creates such disparity the critics sense between the films. Drums Along the Mohawk is set around the time of 1776, after the signing of the Declaration of Independence and around the time of the American Revolution. This setting designs the film to express such a positively conceived ideology of America and a strong optimistic view. America is to be free from British influence and have their own identity as a fully-fledged nation hence their birth as an independent nation. So much potential is conceived and progress to be achieved. Stagecoach is more of a commentary of civilization in the West during the time around 1880. The wilder...

Biography of Genghis Khan, Founder of the Mongol Empire

Biography of Genghis Khan, Founder of the Mongol Empire Genghis Khan (c. 1162–August 18, 1227) was the legendary founder and leader of the Mongol Empire. In a span of just 25 years, his horsemen conquered a larger area and greater population than the Romans did in four centuries. To the millions of people conquered by his hordes, Genghis Khan was evil incarnate; in Mongolia and Central Asia, however, he was widely revered. Fast Facts: Genghis Khan Known For: Khan was the founder and leader of the Mongol Empire.Also Known As: TemujinBorn: c. 1162 in Delun-Boldog, MongoliaDied: August 18, 1227, in Yinchuan,  Western XiaSpouse(s): Borje, Khulan, Yesugen, Yesulun (plus others)Children: Jochi, Chagatai, Ogedei, Tolui (plus others) Early Life Records of the Great Khans early life are sparse and contradictory. He was likely born in 1162, though some sources say 1155 or 1165. We know that the boy was given the name Temujin. His father Yesukhei was the chief of the minor Borijin clan of nomadic Mongols, who lived by hunting rather than herding or farming. Yesukhei had kidnapped Temujins young mother, Hoelun, as she and her first husband were riding home from their wedding. She became Yesukheis second wife; Temujin was his second son by just a few months. Mongol legend claims that the baby was born with a blood clot in his fist, a sign that he would be a great warrior. Hardship and Captivity When Temujin was nine, his father took him to a neighboring tribe to work for several years and earn a bride. His intended wife was a slightly older girl named Borje. On the way home, Yesukhei was poisoned by rivals and died. Temujin returned to his mother, but the clan expelled Yesukheis two widows and seven children, leaving them to die. The family survived by eating roots, rodents, and fish. Young Temujin and his full brother Khasar grew to resent their eldest half-brother Begter. They killed him and as punishment for the crime, Temujin was seized as a slave. His captivity may have lasted for more than five years. Youth Set free at age 16, Temujin went to find Borje again. She was still waiting for him and they soon married. The couple used her dowry, a fine sable-fur coat, to make an alliance with Ong Khan of the powerful Kereyid clan. Ong Khan accepted Temujin as a foster son. This alliance proved key, as Hoeluns Merkid clan decided to avenge her long-ago kidnapping by stealing Borje. With the Kereyid army, Temujin raided the Merkids, looting their camp and reclaiming Borje.  Temujin also had help in the raid from his childhood blood-brother Jamuka, who would later become a rival. Borjes first son Jochi was born nine months later. Consolidation of Power After rescuing Borje, Temujins small band stayed with Jamukas group for several years. Jamuka soon asserted his authority, rather than treating Temujin as a brother, which started a two-decade feud between the 19-year-olds. Temujin left the camp, along with many of Jamukas followers and livestock. At the age of 27, Temujin held a kurultai (tribal council) among the Mongols, who elected him khan. The Mongols were only a Kereyid sub-clan, however, and Ong Khan played Jamuka and Temujin off one another. As Khan, Temujin awarded high office not just to his relatives, but to those followers who were most loyal to him. Unification of the Mongols In 1190, Jamuka raided Temujins camp, cruelly horse-dragging and even boiling alive his captives, which turned many of his followers against him.  The united Mongols soon defeated the neighboring Tatars and Jurchens, and Temujin Khan assimilated their people rather than follow the steppe custom of looting them and leaving. Jamuka attacked Ong Khan and Temujin in 1201. Despite suffering an arrow shot to the neck, Temujin defeated and assimilated Jamukas remaining warriors. Ong Khan then treacherously tried to ambush Temujin at a wedding ceremony for Ongs daughter and Jochi, but the Mongols escaped and returned to conquer the Kereyids. Early Conquests The unification of Mongolia ended in 1204 when Temujin defeated the powerful Naiman clan. Two years later, another kurultai confirmed him as Genghis Khan or universal leader of all Mongolia.  Within five years, the Mongols had annexed much of Siberia and what is today the modern Chinese Xinjiang province. The Jurched Dynasty, ruling northern China from Zhongdu (Beijing), noticed the upstart Mongol khan and demanded that he kowtow to its Golden Khan. In reply, Genghis Khan spat on the ground.  He then defeated their tributaries, the Tangut, and in 1214 he conquered the Jurchens and their 50 million citizens. The Mongol army numbered just 100,000. Conquests of Central Asia, the Middle East, and the Caucasus Tribes as far away as Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan heard about the Great Khan and overthrew their Buddhist rulers in order to join his growing empire. By 1219, Genghis Khan ruled from northern China to the Afghan border  and from Siberia to the border of Tibet. He sought a trade alliance with the powerful Khwarizm Empire, which controlled Central Asia from Afghanistan to the Black Sea. Sultan Muhammad II agreed, but then murdered the first Mongol trade convoy of 450 merchants, stealing their goods. Before the end of that year, the wrathful Khan had captured every Khwarizm city, adding lands from Turkey to Russia to his realm. Death In 1222, the 61-year-old Khan called a family kurultai to discuss the matter of succession. His four sons disagreed over which should become the Great Khan. Jochi, the eldest, was born soon after Borjes kidnapping and might not have been Genghis Khans son, so the second son Chagatai challenged his right to the title. As a compromise, the third son Ogodei became the successor. Jochi died in February 1227, six months before his father, who passed away on August 18, 1227. Ogodei took East Asia, which would become Yuan China. Chagatai claimed Central Asia. Tolui, the youngest, took Mongolia proper. Jochis sons controlled Russia and Eastern Europe. Legacy After Genghis Khans secret burial on the steppes of Mongolia, his sons and grandsons continued to expand the Mongol Empire. Ogodeis son Kublai Khan defeated the Song rulers of China in 1279 and established the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. The Yuan would rule all of China until 1368. Meanwhile, Chagatai pushed south from his Central Asian holdings, conquering Persia. Within Mongolia, Genghis Khan revolutionized the social structure and reformed traditional law. His was an egalitarian society, in which the humblest slave could rise to be an army commander if he showed skill or bravery. War booty was divided evenly among all warriors, regardless of social status. Unlike most rulers of the time, Genghis Khan trusted loyal followers above his own family members- which contributed to the difficult succession as he aged. The Great Khan forbade the kidnapping of women, probably due in part to his wifes experience, but also because it led to warfare among different Mongol groups. He outlawed livestock rustling for the same reason and established a winter-only hunting season to preserve game for the hardest of times. Contrary to his ruthless and barbaric reputation in the west, Genghis Khan promulgated several enlightened policies that would not become common practice in Europe until centuries later. He guaranteed freedom of religion, protecting the rights of Buddhists, Muslims, Christians, and Hindus alike. Genghis Khan himself worshiped the sky, but he forbade the killing of priests, monks, nuns, mullahs, and other holy people. A 2003 DNA study revealed that about 16 million men in the former Mongol Empire, about 8% of the male population, carry a genetic marker that developed in one family in Mongolia about 1,000 years ago. The most likely explanation is that they are descended from Genghis Khan or his brothers. Sources Craughwell, Thomas. The Rise and Fall of the Second Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khans Mongols Almost Conquered the World. Fair Winds Press, 2010.Djang, Sam. Genghis Khan: World Conqueror, Vols. I and II. New Horizon Books, 2011.Weatherford, Jack. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Three Rivers Press, 2004.

Information Systems Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Systems Security - Essay Example the same time, despite all the efforts made by the government to ensure cyber security and intrusion prevention, it seems that a lot more needs to be done before American can be considered secure from intrusion or attack from cyber terrorists. Kabay (2007) presents an interesting article in which he discusses a paper from by The Business Roundtable under the title, Essential Steps to Strengthen America’s Cyber Terrorism Preparedness. The author discusses how the current level of protection with regard to intrusion and attack prevention is woefully inadequate considering the critical systems and the national infrastructure which is dependent on the servers and mainframes used by the government. It is easy to agree with the idea since many have criticized the government for going in the wrong direction with regard to securing our nation’s information network. Barnes (2005) as well as Fredrickson (2005) suggest that the government is on the wrong track with regard to digital security since steps such as the USA PATRIOT Act of 2005 and the Real ID Act of 2005 come across as little more than knee-jerk reactions to the need for security. Instead of developing technologies which prevent and avert attacks in the first place, the government is more focused on creating laws which extend its power over the people and curtail the liberties of individuals. Kabay (2007) describes how the government lacks intrusion detection tools or trip wires which can let network and server administrators know that an attack is under way or an attack is imminent. Further, the government lacks a system of accountability or even strategic management plans which could come into play if an intrusion takes place or if critical systems are damaged. Considering what happened after Hurricane Katrina, it is easy to understand why analysts would be doubtful about the government’s ability to handle critical system failures especially if they take place together (Young, 2006). Finally, Kabay

Short answers Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Short answers - Coursework Example Any archeologist will say that an artifact’s context is as important as its characteristics for revealing information about the past. The importance of context may extend to a research setting whereby archeologists work. Awareness of the context enables public archeologists to recognize the impacts their research have on the communities within which they work, to include community members in the research as equal participants where they can and if opportunity arise and to actively engage in social change through the research (Stottman 141). At this stage of evolution, man was walking on all fours and had chimpanzee like body features. It is funny because there is a man in the photo who can walk with the legs only without using his hands. The other men are shocked and he is laughing at them but they are not amused. The gracile specimens from Olduvai George are Homo habillis but there are some provisos (Robinson, David & Ash). Their spinal cords’ opening is near the middle of the skull. The skull base is small but its width is bigger. Their faces are small in width and their nasal openings are sharply defined. Moreover, their post canine teeth are small. They had flat noses and projecting lower jaws that made them to look like apes. They had small brains, strong arms, curved fingers, small canine teeth, stood on two legs and walked upright (Robinson, David & Ash). Jane Goodall is a British anthropologist and primatologist presently celebrated for his immense contribution in research regarding chimps. This is especially in terms of their interactions and relations in terms on family structure carried out in